MATRIX Matrix Definitions
Section: Variables and Arrays
Usage
The matrix is the basic datatype of FreeMat. Matrices can be defined using the following syntaxA = [row_def1;row_def2;...,row_defN]
where each row consists of one or more elements, seperated by commas
row_defi = element_i1,element_i2,...,element_iM
Each element can either be a scalar value or another matrix,
provided that the resulting matrix definition makes sense.
In general this means that all of the elements belonging
to a row have the same number of rows themselves, and that
all of the row definitions have the same number of columns.
Matrices are actually special cases of N-dimensional arrays
where N<=2
. Higher dimensional arrays cannot be constructed
using the bracket notation described above. The type of a
matrix defined in this way (using the bracket notation) is
determined by examining the types of the elements. The resulting
type is chosen so no information is lost on any of the elements
(or equivalently, by choosing the highest order type from those
present in the elements).
Examples
Here is an example of a matrix ofint32
elements (note that
untyped integer constants default to type int32
).
--> A = [1,2;5,8] A = 1 2 5 8
Now we define a new matrix by adding a column to the right of
A
, and using float constants.
--> B = [A,[3.2f;5.1f]] B = 1.0000 2.0000 3.2000 5.0000 8.0000 5.1000
Next, we add extend B
by adding a row at the bottom. Note
how the use of an untyped floating point constant forces the
result to be of type double
--> C = [B;5.2,1.0,0.0] C = 1.0000 2.0000 3.2000 5.0000 8.0000 5.1000 5.2000 1.0000 0
If we instead add a row of complex
values (recall that i
is
a complex
constant, not a dcomplex
constant)
--> D = [B;2.0f+3.0f*i,i,0.0f] D = 1.0000 + 0.0000i 2.0000 + 0.0000i 3.2000 + 0.0000i 5.0000 + 0.0000i 8.0000 + 0.0000i 5.1000 + 0.0000i 2.0000 + 3.0000i 0.0000 + 1.0000i 0
Likewise, but using dcomplex
constants
--> E = [B;2.0+3.0*i,i,0.0] E = 1.0000 + 0.0000i 2.0000 + 0.0000i 3.2000 + 0.0000i 5.0000 + 0.0000i 8.0000 + 0.0000i 5.1000 + 0.0000i 2.0000 + 3.0000i 0.0000 + 1.0000i 0
Finally, in FreeMat, you can construct matrices with strings as contents, but you have to make sure that if the matrix has more than one row, that all the strings have the same length.
--> F = ['hello';'there'] F = hello there